For developers and everyone's reference:
I recently started using an Apple MacBook Air. Yesterday, I installed Joplin version 3.3.13 for the first time and synced it with OneDrive. It successfully synced all of my 1,880+ notes and over 5,000 total items in one go.
I had to exchange that MacBook Air yesterday. Today, while setting up the new one, Joplin had updated to version 3.4.10. I tried to sync using the same process, but it failed after downloading only a few dozen items. After several failed attempts, I decided to downgrade Joplin back to version 3.3.13.
The synchronization worked perfectly on the first try after downgrading. I'm very happy! This is my first time using a Mac, and it's rare for an initial Joplin sync on a new device to go so smoothly.